Finding Frank Brumfield Part 4

 Understanding Genetic Genealogy

 

My goal is to provide a basic understanding of genetic genealogy.  I know biology and genetics can be boring to anyone not interested science.  Now I know you wished you stayed awake in biology!  

What is DNA? DNA or Deoxyribonucleic Acid is the name of the molecule that carries the genetic information for reproduction of all living things. It has a double helix structure and located in the nucleus and small amount of the mitochondria of a cell. The nucleus and mitochondria are organelles (little organs) in a cell.  You body consists of millions of cells. 

DNA molecule

Human cell: pink center is the nucleus and pink hot dog shapes with mustard are mitochondria

Okay now... what are chromosomes? A chromosome is located in the nucleus and mitochondria of a cells holds protein and DNA. All humans without any genetic abnormalities has 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus.   

                             National Center for Biotechnology Information (US).

Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 1998-.

At this time there are 3 tests for genetic genealogy:
1.       autosomal DNA represents the 22 non-sex determining chromosomes in an individual
2.       Y-chromosome DNA represents the sex chromosome present in males
3.       mitochondrial DNA represents the maternal (from the mother) only DNA in a man or woman. Unlike the DNA in the nucleus it does the same amount.

In finding Frank Brumfield, the Ancestry.com autosomal DNA test was used in conjunction with the family tree or pedigree.  Below is a chart of the percentage of DNA that is expected to be transferred at each of Frank Brumfield's descendants.  

	Percentage of DNA	Generation
Frank Brumfield	100%
Child	50%	First generation
Grandchild	25%	Second generation
Great- grandchild	12.5%	Third generation
Great-great-grandchild	6.25%	Fourth generation
Great-great-g- grandchild	3.12%	Fifth generation
Great-great-g-g- grandchild	1.56%	Sixth generation

--- The Tree Gardener

Finding Frank Brumfield Part 3

 

In my previous blog post (Finding Frank part 2), I named Jesse E. Brumfield as a child of Frank Brumfield. My two astute cousins who are my blog readers identified my error. He is a descendant of Liddie Brumfield Caston from her son Richard Brumfield and Ellen Walker.

The question remains did Frank Brumfield have a child named Jesse (Jessy, Jessie) ? The answer is yes but the sex of the child in the 1900 and 1910  census is different.
The Pike County, Mississippi 1900 federal census Jesse Brumfield is enumerated as a son 4 years old born June, 1896. 

"United States Census, 1900," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M9XT-1CT : accessed 14 September 2021), Frank Brumfield, Beat 1 (part of), Pike, Mississippi, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 105, sheet 5B, family 77, NARA microfilm publication T623 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1972.); FHL microfilm 1,240,825.

In the Pike County, Mississippi 1910 federal census Jessie is enumerated as a daughter 14 years old.  Her brother Elijah 15 years old is listed above her name. Other family members are enumerated on the previous page.

United States Census, 1910," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MPDN-4LX : accessed 14 September 2021), Jessie Brumfield in household of Frank Brumfield, Beat 1, Pike, Mississippi, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 94, sheet 6B, family 104, NARA microfilm publication T624 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1982), roll 756; FHL microfilm 1,374,769.

It is apparent that the use of census records has errors and may affect the family trees lineage. I have used the census records and school records to determine the  first and second generation descendants of Frank Brumfield. The accuracy of these records is questionable. I have made a reasonable but not an exhaustive search.  My search tools were Ancestry.com and Family Search websites  From research information Frank Brumfield had 10 children 42 grandchildren.  Knowledge of the descendants is necessary to analyze DNA results. 

More information to follow.

---- The Tree Gardener

Finding Frank Brumfield Part 2

 In identifying Frank Brumfield the son of Liddie Brumfield Caston, the names of his  spouse and children was my first research goal. DNA  analysis links would be based on his these identified descendants who have submitted DNA. All descendants were not know to have children.

I have identified one of the three individuals named Frank Brumfield who maybe the son of Liddie Caston Brumfield. Frank Brumfield was born in September, 1855 in Mississippi. He died in about 1935 in Mississippi. He married Liza Anderson about 1879. She was born in approximately in 1862 and died in Mississippi.  To this union they had 10 children which have been identified.   

      Frank Brumfield and Liza Anderson had the following children:

1.         NOAH BRUMFIELD was born on 01 Nov 1877 in Mississippi, USA. He died in 1950 in Mississippi. He married (1) CALLIE FORREST, daughter of Willie Forrest and Mary Harris, on 23 Dec 1905 in Pike County, Mississippi (Book L/Page 476). She was born on 14 Oct 1885 in Mississippi. She died on 15 Mar 1967 in Mc Comb, Pike, Mississippi. He married (2) MAGGIE BRUMFIELD. She was born on 14 Oct 1885 in Mississippi. She died on 15 Mar 1967 in Pike, Mississippi.

2.         NOLA BRUMFIELD was born in Dec 1882 in Mississippi. She died in Mississippi date unknown at this time

 3.         VICTORIA BRUMFIELD was born on 04 May 1885 in Magnolia, Mississippi. She married Henry Jefferson on 28 Dec 1909 in Pike County, Mississippi (Book J O Page 274). He was born on 12 Oct 1879. Date of their deaths unknown at this time

4.         LULA BRUMFIELD was born on 20 Apr 1888 in Mississippi, USA. She died in Sep 1977 in New Orleans, Louisiana. She married Walter Dillion on 24 Feb 1926 in Pike County, Mississippi (File # 0034741 Book/Page Z/210). He was born  in Mississippi. Date of his death unknown at this time.

5.         GUSSIE BRUMFIELD was born on 01 Jul 1890 in Magnolia, Pike, Mississippi. She died on 07 Jul 1974 in New Orleans, Orleans, Louisiana. She married Jasper Graves, son of Amos Graves and Adeline Collins, on 22 Mar 1914 in Pike County, Mississippi. He was born on 23 Mar 1891 in Covington, Mississippi, USA. He died on 30 Sep 1955 in New Orleans, Jefferson, Louisiana .

6.         OTIS BRUMFIELD was born on 03 Mar 1892 in Fernwood, Mississippi, United States. He died in Sep 1978 in Covington, Saint Tammany, Louisiana.

7. ELIZA BRUMFIELD was born in Nov 1894 in  Mississippi. Date of her death unknown at this time.

8. JESSE E. BRUMFIELD was born on 21 Jun 1897 in Mississippi. He died on 15 May 1963 in Rochester, Monroe, New York, USA. He married Hattie Turner, daughter of Turner, on 24 Dec 1919 in Pike County, Mississippi (File # 0036515 Book W" page 71). She was born about 1901 in Mississippi. She died on 17 Jun 1963 in Rochester, Monroe, New York.

9. OWEN BRUMFIELD was born on 03 May 1900 in Mississippi, USA. He died on 27  June 1965 in Mississippi, USA (Pleasant Hill Cemetery Vicksburg, Mississippi). He married Lucille.  Date of her death and maiden name unknown at this time.

 10.    ELIJAH BRUMFIELD was born on 08 Apr 1922 in Mississippi, USA. He died on 30 May 1963 in Ontario, New York (Riverside Cemetery Rochester New York). He married Willie Mae Tillman on 24 Oct 1948 in Rochester. New York. Date of her death  unknown at this time.

--- The Tree Gardener

Finding Frank Brumfield Part 1

 DNA Analysis

Liddie Brumfield Caston born 1825 in Mississippi had children with the surname Brumfield and Caston.  Liddie and the presumptive father Louis Brumfield had 4 known identified children  Richard, Irvin, Thomas and Frank. These children born in Mississippi prior to the end of the Civil War were enslaved.  Information of the lives of Richard, Irvin and Thomas have been given in previous blogs.  Frank Brumfield identification has been elusive.

I have been searching for Liddie’s Frank. Finding Frank Brumfield has been a genealogy brick wall. From family history, I know there was a Frank Brumfield.    I have identified 3 black individuals with the name Frank Brumfield. They lived in the same geographic area corresponding to the slave owners surname Brumfield in Washington Parish, Louisiana  and Pike County, Mississippi. This is also the geographic area that Liddie Brumfield Caston lived.  The estimated date of birth are similar ranging from 1845 to1855.  

My initial goal was to present my research for each of the three Frank Brumfield to determine Liddie's son. The research records I found did not allow me to definitively identify Frank Brumfield. I was however have been able to identify Frank Brumfield through genealogy research and genetic autosomal DNA analysis.  

The Facts and Assumptions that have been identified concerning Richard, Irvin, Tom and Frank Brumfield:

1. They all are brothers and have the same mother Liddie. It is the presumption or reasonable to assume that they have the same father Louis.

2. The brothers have the same maternal autosomal DNA.

3. The brothers lived in the same geographic area during most of their lives.

4. Genealogy research of Frank Brumfield and his family tree are available. 

5. All the brothers had descendant children.  

5. Results of most of the brothers descendants DNA are available.  

The Challenges of DNA Analysis in finding Frank Brumfield

1.  Ancestry.com DNA data base was used.  Ancestry.com  has the largest commercial DNA data base at this writing.  There are other commercial DNA data bases available which were not included.   I will not be disclosing specific DNA results or the names of descendants of recently deceased or living individuals used in identifying  Richard, Irvin, Tom and Frank Brumfield to protect their privacy.  

2.  Not all known living descendants of Richard, Irvin, Tom and Frank Brumfield have submitted DNA samples for analysis and comparison.  The DNA samples submitted may not be considered a  significant size number.

3.  The public published family trees in Ancestry.com and Family Search.org along with personal research of Richard, Irvin, Tom and Frank Brumfield was used to identify Frank Brumfield. These family trees may contain incomplete information.

4.  Not all descendants of Richard, Irvin, Tom and Frank Brumfield have submitted public published family trees in Ancestry.com and Family Search.org. There maybe DNA matches without family tree information which can be correlated together.  

5. Frank Brumfield date of birth is thought to be between 1845 to 1855. Pike County, Mississippi 2010 federal census states there are approximately 40,000 and Washington Parish, Louisiana 47,000 residents. Over 100 years ago the population was much smaller.  Frank Brumfield DNA tested descendants maybe related through more than one ancestral line.    

    

 To use a phrase from the book Alice in Wonderland  by Lewis Carroll  I will be going "down the rabbit hole", entering the situation of finding Frank Brumfield using  genetic genealogy. 

Special thanks to cousin K. S.

------The TreeGardener