Calvin Caston Where's the Proof ? Part 2

Part 2

Calvin Caston filed a homestead application August 15, 1870.  He built housing, planted crops and paid taxes on the property. In May 28, 1880 his homestead was cancelled.  

Homestead Application number 4260 at top of form

Calvin  failed to provide final proof of his homestead. Several events occurred which prevented submission of final proof.  On February 24, 1885 , Calvin Caston made a sworn affidavit  to the clerk of the circuit court of Pike county, Mississippi to reinstate his homestead. I have attempted to try to transcribe a portion of the affidavit:

Calvin Caston Request for Homestead Reinstatement

  

" ... at the time he should have made final proof on the said homestead he had a death in his family (can't decipher) a grown daughter and that he was confined to bed with a long spell of (can't decipher). That soon after he learned that his Htd was cancelled he came before the clerk of the court and petitioned the United states Land Department to reinstate him in (can't decipher) Homestead. That said petition was lost or miscarried on its way to Jackson.   That being uneducated and ignorant of the law he did not know what else to do.  That he has paid the taxes on the land several years and he thought in doing so he was doing his duty as a law abiding citizen and that in doing so

 Calvin Caston Request for Homestead Reinstatement and signature

it would give him the right to hold the same.  That he has lived on said land thirteen years and has made crops that many seasons.  He raised cotton, corn peas, potatoes in the land contracted in said Homestead that has erected on said land the following improvements  to with dwelling house, corn crib, stables (can't decipher) has sixty acres of the said in cultivation.  That his improvements that he has erected in said land is worth about three hundred dollars.  That he has completed with the same in the settlement and cultivation of said Homestead as faithfully as his extremely limited knowledge of the same enabled to do.  The premises considered he prays the United States department to reinstate him in said Homestead and permit him to make final proof on same as it is his only chance for a home for himself now in old age and his three children dependant upon him for a home in which to live."

"Sworn to and subscribed this                   his

24th day of Febry AD 1885"             Calvin X Caston

                                                                         mark

Calvin Caston homestead was reinstated April 4, 1885.

----- The Tree Gardener

Calvin Caston Where's The Proof ? Part 1

PART 1

In obtaining a deed for homestead property it was necessary to establish residency and improvement of the land. Calvin Caston and family have been identified in the 1870 and 1880 population federal census living in Pike County, Mississippi.  In the 1870 federal census, Calvin Caston occupation is listed as a farm hand who can't read or write. The value of his personal property is $100.00. One hundred dollars in 1870 is the equivalent of $1,769.55 in 2015. There is no value listed for real estate. Let's keep in mind that the 1870 census information was taken days before he filed his homestead application. The 1880 federal census does not list real estate or personal property value.

The census of agriculture is collected the same year as the decennial population census. I have located Calvin Caston in the non-population 1880 agricultural census for Pike County, Mississippi. This census identifies the inventory of the farm assets land improvements.

A portion of the 1880 Federal Agriculture Census for Pike County, Mississippi
 Calvin Caston is first name listed

This is a small chart of some of the information for Calvin Caston property on the 1880 Agricultural census. The 2015 monetary values have been included on the chart.

Name	Rents for Fixed Money Rental	Acres of Land Tiled	Value of Farming Implements and Machinery	Value of Live Stock	Estimated Value of All Farm Productions for 1879
Calvin Caston	1	74	$15 (1880)	165 (1880)	400 (1880)
			$335.28  (2015)	$3688.11  (2015)	$8940.88  (2015)

Calvin Caston was also  taxpayer for his property in Pike County.  I was able to locate a copy of the 1881 tax. On the tax form, a column to identify the individual's  residence for previous year is printed but not recorded for any of the individuals listed. 

"Mississippi, State Archives, Various Records, 1820-1951," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-21942-40530-1?cc=1919687&wc=9B48-3TY:211910201,212012101 : accessed 9 July 2015), Pike > County tax rolls 1881-1886, Box 3752 > image 4 of 400; Mississippi Department of Archvies and History, Jackson.

Enlarged image of 1881 tax record Calvin Caston listed 5th from the bottom

Summary of 1881 Taxes with 2015 valuation

Name      Number of   Value of    Number of     Value of    Number of      Value of         Total of        Aggregate State

Calvin      Cattle           Cattle        Horses           Horses      Carriages         Carriages      Valuation           Tax

Caston        2                30                 1                   35                 1                  10                    75                    22.5

  2015                          $670.00                          $782.33                               $223.52         $1676.41           $491.75

These documents establish Calvin Caston as a resident, taxpayer, and landowner who improved his property.

-----The Tree Gardener

Calvin Caston Homestead Part 1

A Place To Live

Calvin Caston is enumerated in the Pike County Federal August 12, 1870 census.  In the 1870 census, familial relationships are not identified but the individuals listed with him all have the same surname.  I have listed the family members in a previous blogs. Interestingly, post-Civil War most black people with the Caston surname lived in nearby Amite County.  I have not been able to connect Calvin Caston to that county. The Bureau of Land Management is a source of information concerning land patents and homesteads in the United States.   Calvin a farmer applied for a homestead in Pike County, Mississippi on August 15, 1870.  His application was for 80 acres. 

The homestead process to obtain land consisted of filing an application, improving the land, and filing a deed of title.  The homesteader had to live on the land for 5 years, improve the land by planting crops and build a dwelling 12 by 14 size. Proof of residency had to be established before the deed was issued. Calvin's homestead records give an insight into his life and family.  He had life circumstances that cause a long delay in receiving title to the land. He did not receive a title deed for 21 years until  August 19, 1891. More to be discussed.

------ The Tree Gardener

Irvin Brumfield son of Liddie

It has been my attempt in research to try to find evidence that identifies the Brumfield children of Liddie Brumfield Caston.  Prior to November, 1912 in Mississippi, there were no death or birth certificates registered with the state.  Many of the ancestors also could not read or write.  I have not been able to locate a family bible which may have vital records.  I suspect that a bible of this type may not exist.  Some of Liddie's children had the good fortune of long lives such as Tom and Richard Brumfield and death certificates have been located. 
I have been unable to establish a  maternal relationship between Liddie and Ervin (Irvin) Brumfield.  I however been able authenticate that Ervin (Irvin) Brumfield definitely knew Calvin Caston. In my blog post "Ervin, Irvine, Irving, Irvin Part Two" published in November 21, 2012, I mentioned that Calvin Caston signed the homestead affidavit for Irvine Brumfield

Affidavit  of residence for the homestead of Ervin Brumfield 

Henry Conerly and Calvin Caston stated that they knew Ervin Brumfield for 7 years past which would have been 1870. His settlement was established September 1, 1870. Ervin had a wife and four children in 1877. Ervin is thought to have been born in 1846 according to the 1900 Federal Census. In 1870, Ervin would have been 24 years old.

------The Tree Gardner

Six Degree of Separation: Caston & Brumfield Families Part 12

Thomas Brumfield

Thomas Brumfield had a land homestead in Pike County, Mississippi. From research, he is known to have a wife Celia (Selia) her last name unknown and had one child a daughter Mary. Mary attended school  in Pike County.  Mary Brumfield and Willis Bowens at the age of approximately 17 and 27  years old married. Tom enumerated as the head of the household in the 1910 census with Mary and Willis Bowens having had nine children listed with six surviving Isaac 12, Thomas 10, Mattie 8, Willis Jr. 6, Rosabel (Roosevelt) 1 10/12 and Nehemiah 4.    Courtny a 4 year old child in the 1900 census is no longer listed and presumably dead.

Tom as a farmer, provided economic support for his family and extended family. I was unable to uncover any additional information related to Mary and Willis Bowens after the 1910 census. Tom employed his grandchildren on the farm.

In the World War I registrations, Issac and Tommy Bowens are farmers and list Tom Brumfield Sr. as their employer in September 12,1918 and October 28, 1918 respectively.

Isaac Bowens WWI Registration

Tommy Bowens WWI Registration

During my genealogy trip to the Allen County library, I found additional school census for Pike County, Mississippi. Tom Brumfield also was listed as the guardian for his grandchildren Nehemiah and Roosevelt Bowens 17 and 14 years old respectively at the Pike County  Yale School in 1923.

1923 Pike County, Ms. School Records Tom Brumfield guardian Roosevelt Bowens & Nehemiah Bowens children
The children of Silas Caston, John Gatlin  & Squire Gatlin are also listed in this record

In 1926, Tom Brumfield had apoplexy which is defined as a stroke and died 2 weeks later. On his death certificate, Lidia Caston is his mother and Celia Brumfield was the informant. This death certificate and the Federal 1870 census which I posted in part 2 of this series are the two items that establish Thomas Brumfield as a child of Liddie Caston.

----The Tree Gardener

Six degrees of Separation: Caston & Brumfield Families Part 11

Thomas Brumfield in the 20^th  Century 

Thomas Brumfield May, 1853  age 47 years old  and Selia Brumfield July, 1850 49 years old

Tom, Celia and Mary Brumfield are enumerated in the Pike County, Mississippi 1900 Federal Census.  Mary  who is Tom Brumfield daughter is now been married to Willis Bowens for 6 years and has 3 children Courtny  4 years, Isaac 2 years and Thomas 4 months.

Willis Bowen Oct.1861 32 years old,  Mary Bowen Dec. 1877 23 years old, Courtny Dec. 1895 4 years old, Issac Mar. 1897 2 years old, and Thomas Jan. 1899 1 year old 1900 Census

Six degrees of Separation: Caston & Brumfield Families Part 10

Parent Guardian	Name of Children	Age	Male	Female
Bob Brumfield	Harriett Brumfield	16		x
	Sena	14		x
	James	12	x
	John	9	x
	Jesse K.	7	x
Thomas Brumfield	Mary Brumfield	13		x

The year 1890 is important to anyone interested in genealogy research,  This is the year that the majority of the United States federal census  was destroyed in a fire. The school records provided some of  information that would have been available in the census enumeration. Thomas Brumfield  and his daughter Mary 13 years old are listed in the 1890 Pike County, Mississippi school records at the bottom of the image. Thomas whose birth year of 1853 derived from the 1870 census would have been 37 years old. I have included the children  of Bob (Robert) Brumfield who will be in future blog posts.


The Tree Gardener

Six degrees of Separation: Caston & Brumfield Families Part 9

 Thomas Brumfield Family

School records have been a good source for genealogy information for me.  The records I have found are actually enrollment records. The act of racial segregation has also separated the records  into colored and negro from white students.  In  most enrollment records , the race, name, age and sex of the child along with the name of the parent or guardian are given. These records have filled in the 10 year gaps in the federal census enumerations. The information in the school records are sometimes more accurate because it was recorded by someone who actually knew the student and parent.   

 With Thomas Brumfield, I have been able to identify his daughter Mary who is 8 years old in the 1885 Pike County school record. Thomas whose birth year of 1853 derived from the 1870 census would have been 32 years old. I have included  Irvine Brumfield children in the school record which I will refer to in a latter blog post.

"Mississippi, Enumeration of Educable Children, 1850-1892; 1908-1957," images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1-14208-41161-22?cc=1856425&wc=M6NC-7P8:167436801,167437202 : accessed 21 December 2014), Pike > 1885 > image 7 of 178; Government Records, 

Jackson.

Name of Child	Age	Sex	Color	Parent Guardian
Brumfield Martha A.	13	F	Col	Irvine Brumfield
“        Irvine R. H. W.	11	M	“	“
“        Sherman S.	10	M	“	“
“       William W.	8	M	“	“
“         Louis M.	5	M	“	“
“          Mary	8	F	“	Tom Brumfield

Six degrees of Separation: Caston & Brumfield Families Part 8

Isham Brumfield

 Irvin and Robert Brumfield homesteaded 80 and 160 acres respectively in Pike County Mississippi. My mother Irvin Brumfield’s granddaughter stated that Isham or possibly Isom Brumfield was Irvin’s father.  I have yet been unable to verify this information.  Isham Brumfield (Broomfield/ Bromfield)   however homestead 160.26 acres of land in Walkers Bridge, Pike County, Mississippi beginning in December, 1870. At the time of his homestead, his family consisted of 3 children.  The 1870 Federal Pike County census lists Isham Brumfield 49 years old with 3 children Eli 14, Henrietta 18 and Hester 10.  His initial application was filed March 6, 1873. 

  He almost missed the opportunity to own the land because of a missed proof filing date. He missed the filling date after five weekly notices dated from March 12^th to April 9^th 1880 in the newspaper Magnolia Gazette.   He requested that his homestead application be reinstated which was cancelled January 14, 1881.   The reasons for the missed filing in the request for reinstatement was secondary to “severe disease of   both of his eyes from which he became totally blind.” and ignorance of the law.  In the testimony of claimant dated October 21, 1881, he stated he was 63 years old with three children.  He had a dwelling house, stables valued at $200.00 and cultivated 20 acres and raised 5 crops. His witnesses Solomon Singleton and Jacob Ellzey also verified his homestead from December, 1870 to October 12, 1881.    Isham Brumfield displayed fortitude of character because with sightlessness his homestead was reinstated and he received title to the land in December 13, 1884.